• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a process for the mechanical separation of solids from wastewater from industry and / or communities with an aqueous fraction and a solids fraction, wherein the wastewater to be purified is fed continuously or discontinuously to a container (110), the wastewater to be purified via at least one inlet (120). in a flow chamber (111) is introduced, the wastewater is filtered through at least one filtration device (200) with a movable filter surface (210), wherein the solids fraction contained in the waste water at the filter surface top side (212) of the filter surface (210) of the at least one filtration device (200) while the filtrate forming water fraction flows into a filtrate space (112) by gravity, characterized in that in the filtrate space (112) directed fluid flow to the filter surface lower side (211) of the filter surface (210) of the at least one filtration device (200) takes place, as well as a device for this purpose.
    公开号:AT511926A2
    申请号:T506112012
    申请日:2012-12-21
    公开日:2013-03-15
    发明作者:Kurt Ing Gassner
    申请人:Kurt Ing Gassner；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1 Printed: 27-12-2012 E014 10 2012/50611 16291
    The invention relates to a method for the mechanical separation of solids from wastewater from industry and / or municipalities with an aqueous fraction and a solids fraction, wherein continuously or discontinuously the wastewater to be treated is fed to a container, the wastewater to be purified via at least one inlet is introduced into a flow space in that the waste water is filtered through at least one filter having a movable filter surface, wherein the solids fraction contained in the waste water is deposited on the filter surface upper surface of the filter surface of the at least one filtration device while the filtrate forming water fraction flows into a filtrate space by gravity and a device For this.
    Due to legal regulations with higher separation and cleaning requirements, the mechanical separation of solids from liquids, in particular from municipal and industrial wastewater occurs more frequently by means of microfiltration. For this purpose, drum, disk or belt filters are available in various structural designs, the hydraulic throughput capacity of the systems used being dependent on the submerged filter surface and its pore size, the laying potential of the filter surface and the type and frequency of filter surface cleaning. Typically, when determining the correct pore size of the microfilter, attention is paid to the required hydraulic throughput and average particle size of the solids fraction under operating conditions. However, in practice, this evaluation is often very difficult because the solids to be separated usually have different blocking potentials and in most cases allow for a suitable choice of the filter components only through costly tests and the empirical values thereby obtained.
    The efficiency of a microfilter plant, in particular with regard to the hydraulic throughput and the solids separation and the energy used for this purpose, depends on the one hand by the selectivity and the associated solids deposition per mm2 immersed filter surface and on the other by the residue-free cleaning of the microfilter of solids, the second Factor predominantly determines the energy consumption. This is especially true if the microfilter cleaning is only done with increased intensity of 1/11 21-12-2012 2 Printöd: 27-12-2012 E014 10 2012/50611
    Compressed air and the use of high-pressure cleaner, especially using hot water (70 - 90 ° C) is possible. The lifetime of microfilters is essentially determined by efficient and continuous purification of solids, which is why it is of particular importance.
    An important finding in microfiltration technology is that the smaller the pore size of the microfilter, the higher the fines separation achieved, but at the same time the hydraulic throughput and thus the efficiency of the plant is reduced.
    In WO 2001/56681 Al a device for wastewater treatment is described with a band filter, which has the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.
    It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a process for the mechanical separation of solids from effluents, which overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and permits an improved solids separation and, associated therewith, an increase in hydraulic throughput, preferably at the same time reducing the energy requirement.
    This object is achieved by a method of the type mentioned in that takes place in the filtrate a directed fluid flow to the filter surface underside of the filter surface of the at least one filtration device. By flowing the underside of the submerged filter surface with a fluid, the lowering rate of the solids fraction in the wastewater is reduced to the top of the at least one filtration device, while the inflow velocity of the waste water through the filter surface is increased. This prevents early blocking of the submerged filter surface with fine particles. The directed fluid flow can be effected, for example, by introducing liquid, in particular by pumping over filtrate liquid or, preferably, by blowing in gases.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, air is flown via at least one fluid inlet device to the filter surface underside of the at least one filtration device to form the directed fluid flow. The 2/11 21-12-2012 3 Printed: 27-12-2012 E014 10 2012/50611
    In this case, air is guided via the fluid inlet device, preferably in the form of an air curtain formed from rising fine and medium-sized air bubbles, to the underside of the filter surface.
    The premature blocking of the at least one filtration device is prevented even more efficiently if the at least one filtration device is additionally set in vibration. Here is particularly preferred the
    Flow rate of the air from the at least one fluid inlet device selected such that it causes a vibration of the at least one filtration device. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible to provide (mechanical) vibration devices which cause a vibration of the filtration device. Due to the vibration of the submerged filter surface particles, in particular with a low specific weight and / or diameter, are thrown off the surface of the filter surface. As a result, particles with a larger diameter preferentially settle on the surface of the filtration device in the onflow space, while solids having a small particle size, so-called very fine particles, which would cause premature blocking of the filter surface, are kept in suspension and thus a longer residence time within the flow area above the filter surface exhibit.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, upon reaching a predetermined first liquid level in the flow space, the flow through the at least one fluid inlet device in the filtrate space is interrupted. During the influx of the underside of the filter surface with air as well as the simultaneous vibration of the filter surface, preferably larger particles of the solids fraction settle in the inflow space on the filter surface. The more this settling progresses, the lower the filtration rate becomes, and the liquid level rises within the flow space as soon as the filtration rate becomes lower than the inflow of sewage into the flow space. As soon as a predetermined liquid level in the flow space is exceeded, the fluid flow, in particular the air inflow in the filtrate is interrupted. In this case, the liquid level in the filtrate falls depending on the inflowing volume of fluid, in particular the escaping air volume, whereby at the bottom of the filter surface creates a suction, the passage velocity of the aqueous fraction of the waste water by the 3/11 21-12-2012
    Printed: 27-12-2012 E014 4 10 2012/50611
    Filter device increased. By eliminating the vibration of the filter surface is an intensive flow and deposition of the particles also with a small size on the filter surface, the already deposited on the filter surface particles with a larger diameter and surface provide additional filter surface for the Feinstteilchen. As a result, the density and thickness of the filter cake deposited on the filter surface increases overall with a minimum settling time in comparison with methods according to the known prior art, which in turn results in an increase in the hydraulic throughput and separation efficiency.
    Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that upon reaching the predetermined first liquid level in the Anströmraum occupied with the solids fraction filter surface is moved out of the Anströmraum out, while a freed of particles filter surface is moved into the Anströmraum. This always provides free and fresh filter surface.
    A further improvement in settling performance is achieved if, in addition, nanoflotation, preferably flash flotation, is carried out in the onflow space. With the help of flotation, the fines are combined to form larger agglomerates floating on the liquid surface, which further reduces the blocking of the submerged filter surface.
    Particularly preferably, it is provided that the control of the method according to the invention takes place fully automatically. The controller always monitors the liquid levels in the flow chamber and in the filtrate, and controls based on the values obtained, the fluid flow in the filtrate, the movement of the filter surface from the Anströmraum out, the cleaning of the filter surface outside the Anströmraums and optionally the inlet in the Anströmraum, and the nanoflotation , Of course, the control is also for the monitoring and control of other parameters that are not directly related to the microfiltration process according to the invention, can be used.
    The object is further achieved by a device for mechanical solids separation from wastewater with a container which is fed continuously or discontinuously with the wastewater to be purified, wherein at least one filter device arranged in the container moves the container into a container 5 Printed: 27-12-2012 E014 10 2012/50611
    An inflow space and in at least one filtrate separates, and the at least one filtration device has at least one filter surface with a Anströmraum facing the top and the Filtratraum facing bottom, wherein according to the invention at least one fluid inlet device is arranged in the filtrate.
    Under " container " For the purposes of this disclosure, any device suitable for receiving incoming waste water is understood. This may be open or closed containers, basins and the like, wherein in a variant of the invention, a suitable filtration device in a channel section for carrying out the method according to the invention is arranged such that this channel section acts as a container in the context of the invention.
    According to the invention, it is provided that the at least one filtration device has at least one filter surface with an upper side facing the upstream space and an underside facing the filtrate chamber, and at least one fluid inlet device is arranged in the filtrate chamber on the underside of the filter surface of the at least one filtration device, so that at least a fluid inlet device exiting fluid, in particular air flows against the underside of the filter surface. In this case, the inflow of the filter surface with air takes place either over the entire surface or only in a partial region, wherein the adjustable amount of air can be regulated as a function of the blocking potential. Likewise, it is particularly preferably provided that the at least one fluid inlet device is arranged to be adjustable in the filter chamber, in order to achieve optimum flow on the underside of the filter surface.
    Here, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one fluid inlet device is designed as a ventilation membrane. This venting membrane is capable of producing a full-coverage and uniform high-efficiency venting curtain. Dynamic diaphragm aerators have a lower potential for blocking against static aerators, such as e.g. made of sintered or ceramic material.
    In a particularly preferred variant of the invention, the at least one filtration device is arranged in the container inclined to the vertical axis of the container 5/11 21-12-2012 6 Printed: 27-12-2012 E014 10 2012/50611. This facilitates the movement of the occupied with solid particles in the filter surface from the Anströmraum out and the cleaning of the filter surface.
    In practical application, those systems have proven in which the at least one filtration device is a dynamic filter, in particular a drum filter, a bandpass filter or a disc filter. For the purposes of this disclosure, dynamic filtration devices are understood as meaning filtration devices which are rotationally moved by an external drive in the case of drum or disk filters or in the case of band filters as an endless belt in order to discharge the solids fraction deposited on the submerged filter surface from the container and thus reach out of the liquid.
    An optimum hydraulic throughput is achieved if the pore size of the at least one filtration device is preferably between 1 pm and 1000 pm. With a smaller pore size are already filters for the field of ultramicrofiltration or nanofiltration, which are unsuitable for practical use in wastewater treatment due to their high blocking potential. In particular, ultra- and nanofilters can only be operated with expensive ancillary equipment, such as vacuum or pressurization, but not as a gravitational filter, such as the microfilters used according to the invention.
    In a further embodiment of the invention, at least one further fluid inlet device for carrying out a flotation, preferably a nanoflotation, particularly preferably a flash flotation, is provided in the inflow space.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a non-limiting exemplary embodiment with associated figures. Show here
    Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the device according to the invention, and
    FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the filtration device of FIG. 1. FIG.
    FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of the device 100 according to the invention with a container 110 closed in this exemplary embodiment. An inflow 120 passes the wastewater into an inflow space 111 of the container 110, which is separated from a filtrate space 112 by a filtration device 200. The filtration device 200 is shown only schematically in this illustration, further details of the filtration device 200 can be seen in FIG.
    In the flow chamber 111 and in the filtrate 112 level sensors 130 are arranged, each of which determines the level in the respective container area 111, 112 continuously. These level probes 130 are monitored by a control unit 300.
    The control unit 300 also monitors and regulates an air supply 141 via which air is introduced into the filtrate space 112 to the underside 211 of the filter surface 210 in the form of a fine-bubble air curtain with a fluid inlet device 142, for example aeration membranes. Depending on the submerged filter surface 210 and its nature, the air curtain is adapted and controlled via the supplied bubble size, while the flow velocity of the air supplied to the filter surface 210 is selected such that the air causes the filter surface 210 of the filtration device 200 to vibrate and subsequently the Feinstteliehen holds in the Anströmraum 111 in suspension.
    In this embodiment of the device 100 according to the invention, a nanoflotation is additionally provided in the flow space 111 in order to prevent the fines from adhering to the top 212 of the submerged filter surface 210. For this purpose, a nanobeam generator 143 is provided which serves to produce air bubbles with diameters in the nanoscale, in particular with diameters of less than 1 .mu.m, usually 100-200 nm. In order to form these nanobubbles, the nanobeam generator 143 requires liquid, wherein in this embodiment of the invention filtrate liquid from the filtrate space 112 is supplied to the nanobeam generator 143 via a line 144. The nano-bubbles generated in this way ensure that the fines strike the surface of the liquid in the inflow space 111 and thus do not block the surface 212 of the filter surface 210. 7/11 21-12-2012 8 Printed: 27 * 12-2012 E014 10 2012/50611
    For cleaning the filtration device 200, a filter cleaning device 220 is provided which cleans the surface 212 of the filter surface 210 by means of compressed air and / or water after the filter cake, namely the solid particles separated from the wastewater, from the surface 212 of the filter surface 210 by means of a scraper 221 (Figure 2) has been removed. The filter cleaning device 220 is supplied with compressed air and water via a supply device 222, wherein the filter cleaning device 220 is likewise monitored and regulated by the control unit 300. For the movement of the occupied filter surface 210 out of the container 110, a transport device 230, for example drive rollers as shown in FIG. 2, is provided.
    The container 110 further has overflow devices 113, which respectively prevent overflow of the inflow space 111 and the filtrate space 112. The filtrate from the filtrate 112 is discharged from the container 110 via a drain 121. In addition, sump withdrawals 114 are provided which serve to remove particulate sludge deposited at the bottom of the container 110.
    In FIG. 2, the filtration device 200 is again shown schematically in a sectional view, wherein, for reasons of clarity, the representation of the container 110 in which the filtration device 200 is arranged has been dispensed with.
    In this embodiment of the invention, the filtration device 200 is a belt filter system whose filter surface 210 is realized as an endless belt, which is linearly moved along a transport device 230, in the case illustrated drive rollers, along the arrow A. These drive rollers are located outside the container 110, wherein a seal 231, for example in the form of a sealing lip, in the region of the bottom of the container 110 prevents leakage of liquid over the surface 212 of the filter surface 210, so that the waste water can only flow through the filter surface 210 into the filtrate 112.
    On the lower side 211 of the filter surface 210, the fluid inlet device 142, in this embodiment of the invention, is arranged ventilation membranes, which vibrate the filter surface 210 via the air bubbles emerging from them (shown schematically by the dashed region 240). 8/11 21-12-2012 9 Printed: 27-12-2012 E014 10 2012/50611
    In the return region of the filter belt, a scraping device 221 for removing solid residues is arranged on the surface 212 of the filter surface 210. Furthermore, a filter cleaning device 220 is provided, which removes the last residues of solid particles by means of compressed air and / or water, before the filter surface 210 dips back into the liquid in the filtrate 112, and is transported by the linear movement, until this free portion of the filter surface 210 is again located above the fluid inlet device 142.
    The method according to the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the figures.
    In operation, air is introduced into the filtrate space 112 via the air supply 141 in the form of a medium to fine-bubble bubble curtain. The air bubbles rise on the underside 211 of the filter surface 210 to the surface of the filtrate and cause along the bottom 211 a turbulent flow. In addition, due to the inflowing volume of air, the liquid level in the filtrate space 112 rises from a first level b to a second level b '. At the same time, this turbulent air / water flow vibrates the submerged filter surface 210.
    This vibration 240 of the submerged and optionally not submerged filter surface 210 causes particles deposited on the surface 212 of the submerged filter surface 210 to be thrown off and in particular ultrafine particles due to the vibrations in the wastewater in the flow space 111 are suspended, while the aqueous fraction of the waste water passes through the filter surface 210 flows into the filtrate 112. At the same time, nanobubbles 143 are introduced into the flow-through chamber 111 via the nanobeam generator 143 and, during their ascent, bind ultrafine particles to the solids fraction of the wastewater and bring it to the liquid surface in the flow-through space III.
    As soon as extensive coverage of the surface 212 of the submerged filter surface 210 with deposited particles of greater specific weight or diameter takes place, the liquid level of the unfiltered wastewater in the flow chamber 111 also increases from a first level c to a second level c 9 due to the decreasing filtration rate. 11 21-12-2012
    Printed: 27-12-2012 10 2012/50611 E014 10
    The liquid levels in the flow space 111 and the filtrate space 112 are continuously monitored by means of the level sensors 130. As soon as the liquid level reaches a predetermined level c 'in the inflow space 111, the air supply via the fluid inlet device 142 is interrupted and at the same time the nanoflotation in the inflow space 111 is stopped. In this case, the liquid level in the filtrate 112 drops down to the first level b. Due to the resulting suction effect, the filtration speed is increased, while at the same time the ultrafine particles in the wastewater are now transported to the surface 212 of the filter surface 210 in the inflow space 111. Here, the liquid level in the flow space 111 also drops abruptly, while the filter cake on the filter surface 212 increases. As soon as the filter surface 210 is completely blocked, there is no further drop in the liquid level within the inflow space 111 (in the case of discontinuous supply of wastewater) or the liquid level rises again (with continuous supply of wastewater).
    At this time, the transport device 230 of the filtration device 200 is activated, and the dipped and blocked filter surface 210 is moved with the deposits thereon in the direction of the arrow A from the container 110. Thus, within the container 110 in turn a free submerged filter surface 210 for microfiltration available. The belt movement is interrupted when the switch-off in the Anstrirnraum 111 is reached again, while again air are introduced via the fluid inlet device 142 in the filtrate 112 and nanobubbles via the Nanoblasengenerator 143 in the Anströmraum 111 when waste water is supplied again.
    Upon movement of the filter belt, a cleaning of the filter surface 210 is simultaneously triggered by the filter cleaning device 220, wherein after the mechanical removal of the filter cake from the filter surface 212 by means of scraper 221, the surface 212 is additionally freed of residual deposits with compressed air and / or water.
    It is understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. In particular, different containers and basin shapes such as collector / group design, filter devices and fluid inlet devices can be used. Essential to the invention is that in 10/11 21-12-2012
    Printed: 27-12-2012 E014 11 10 2012/50611 a directional fluid flow is generated in the filtrate chamber to prevent premature blocking of the submerged filter surface, with either a batch or continuous operation, or a combination of both modes, as regards the supply of waste water is. 21-12-2012
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    Printable: 27-12-2012 10 2012/50611 E015 12 PATENT CLAIMS 1. Process for the mechanical separation of solids from industrial and / or municipal wastewater with an aqueous fraction and a solids fraction, continuously or discontinuously feeding the wastewater to a container (110) the wastewater to be purified via at least one inlet (120) is introduced into a flow space (111), the wastewater is filtered through at least one filtration device (200) with a movable filter surface (210), wherein the solids fraction contained in the wastewater at the Filter surface top (212) of the filter surface (210) of the at least one filtration device (200) is deposited while the filtrate forming water fraction flows by gravity into a filtrate (112), characterized in that in the filtrate (112) directed a fluid flow to the Filter surface bottom side (211) of the filter surface (210) of z at least one filtration device (200) takes place.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that to form the directed fluid flow air via at least one fluid inlet device (142) to the filter surfaces underside (211) of the at least one filtration device (200) is flown.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one filter surface (210) is additionally set in vibration.
    [4]
    4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one filtration device (200) is caused to vibrate via the air inflow.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on reaching a predetermined first liquid level (c1) in the flow space (111), the flow of the filter surface (210) in the filtrate (112) via the at least one fluid inlet device (142) interrupted becomes. 1/3 21-12-2012 13
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that on reaching the predetermined first liquid level (c ') in the flow space (111) occupied with the solids fraction filter surface (210) from the Anströmraum (111) is moved out while a particle-free filter surface (210) in the flow space (111) is moved.
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in addition in the Anströmraum (111) a nanoflotation, preferably a flash flotation is performed.
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the control of the method is fully automatic.
    [9]
    9. A device for mechanical solids separation from wastewater with a container (110) which is fed continuously or discontinuously with the wastewater to be cleaned, wherein at least one in the container (110) arranged filtration device (200) the container (110) into a flow space ( 111) and in at least one filtrate space (112) separates, and the at least one filtration device (200) at least one filter surface (210) with a Anströmraum (111) facing the upper side (212) and the Filtratraum (112) facing bottom (211) characterized in that at least one fluid inlet device (142) is arranged in the filtrate space (112).
    [10]
    10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one fluid inlet device (142) in the filtrate (112) is adjustably arranged.
    [11]
    11. The device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the at least one fluid inlet device (142) is designed as a ventilation membrane.
    [12]
    12. Device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the at least one filtration device (200) in the container (110) is arranged inclined to the vertical axis of the container (110). E015 14
    [13]
    13. Device according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the at least one filtration device (200) is a dynamic filter, in particular a drum filter, a band filter or a disc filter, wherein the pore size of the at least one filtration device (200) preferably between 1 pm and 1000 pm.
    [14]
    14. Device according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that in the flow space (111) at least one further fluid inlet device (143) for carrying out a flotation, preferably a nanoflotation, particularly preferably a flotation is provided. 2012 12 21 h / h Printed: 27-12-2012 10 2012/50611 3/3 21-12-2012
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    CN109603261B|2019-01-28|2021-09-03|辽宁工程技术大学|Turbid liquid concentrating device and using method thereof|
    CN110893293B|2019-12-08|2022-01-11|江苏佳森环保科技有限公司|Wastewater treatment equipment with automatic cleaning function|
    法律状态:
    2020-04-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: PVS GMBH, AT Effective date: 20200302 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT506112012A|AT511926B1|2012-12-21|2012-12-21|Process for the mechanical separation of solids from wastewater|AT506112012A| AT511926B1|2012-12-21|2012-12-21|Process for the mechanical separation of solids from wastewater|
    EP13198699.4A| EP2745906A1|2012-12-21|2013-12-20|Method for the mechanical separation of solids from waste water|
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